Active Comparison of Java and Python Programming Language - 1925 Words

Active Comparison of Java and Python Programming Language (Other (Not Listed) Sample) Content: COURSEWORK FOR PROGRAMMING PARADIGMSBy (Name)The Name of the Class (Course)Professor (Tutor)The Name of the School (University)The City and State where it is locatedThe DateIntroductionPython is a strong and powerful modern day computer programming language, it is seen to draw close similarities with earlier programming languages such as FORTRAN, however, it is much powerful than this early programming language. Moreover, python is a high-level, interactive, interpreted and object oriented language. Why so? First, its interpreted because it is processed at runtime by a given interpreter without the need of a compiler. Secondly, it is an interactive language that enables the user to interact with the interpreter as he/she writes the code. Thirdly, python is an object-oriented language since it supports object oriented techniques that encapsulate codes into objects (class). Finally, its a beginner-level programming language that can develop a wide range of applications (Tutorial points 2014).Nevertheless, python-like stated before holds several similarities and differences with other programming languages (both old and modern). For instance, its interpreted features are similar to those of PERL and PHP, which are also instances of object-oriented languages. However, this paper will analyze python as a programming language while comparing it with another OOP language, Java. Moreover, their syntax will be highlighted to provide a deeper understanding of the language, more so on inheritance (Doty 2008).Python vs. JavaBasic comparisonsLets start with the basic, a simple syntax of a Hello, World!  program that will help illustrate the two programs.Python: print Hello, World!  OR print (Hello, World! ) #this is for python 3Java: public class HelloWorld{Public static void main (String [] args){System.out. println (HelloId! );}}From this simple programs its clear to see the main differences between these two languages, for python, it is an ob ject-oriented language, however, not all of its instances are OOP. In fact, it is possible to write a program without any object-oriented techniques or concepts as seen above. On the other hand, Java is completely object-oriented i.e. it can only support OOP techniques as clearly shown above.Python is dynamically typed to produce the required results, a good illustration of this is the introduction of variables. For one to introduce a variable, a specific value must be assigned to it. Example: saidVariable = 100. Furthermore, the value assigned to the variable can be changed later (not fixed). Example: saidVariable = 100, this can change to saidVariable = Hello, World! On the other hand, Java is the exact opposite of python whereby its statically typed. Referring to the same example of a variable, a variable is first declared before assigning a value to it. Moreover, the variable is explicitly declared with the same type as the value its assigned. Example: int saidVariable; int said Variable = 100;. Finally, a variable declared as a certain type cannot be assigned another value that is different from the declared type (Yang 2016).Nevertheless, python is also similar to Java more so when considered from an ideology point of view. For one, they are both strong cross-platform languages that require runtime on a programmers system. Moreover, there is the obvious OOP implementation as well as collections similarities (sects, lists, and dicts). However, like seen above and in other many instances their syntax is significantly different but, when analyzed the python syntax and its features such as those of lists comprehensions are similar to those of Java.Inheritance in both Python and JavaInheritance in this scenario represents the ability of a class or even object to being defined as an extension of a different class or object. In python, all classes created technically use inheritance in that all classes are in fact subclasses of special classes called object(s). I n essence, when not explicitly defined (inheritance) a class in a python program will automatically inherit from the object defined (Voegele 2016). However, as seen in the syntax below one can state this notation openly in the defining code.Example: class MySubClass(object):PassThis simple description is inheritance at its core, a super class or otherwise known as parent class is the original class that another inherits. As stated before, in python if another superclass is not defined, a class automatically inherits from the object defined. A subclass, on the other hand, is the class that inherits from the parent class.Syntax example: from the basic class DerivedClass(ParentClass):body_of_the_derived_classclass polygon:def __init__(self, number_of_sides):self.n = number_of_sidesself.sides = [0 for i in range(number_of_sides)]def inputSides(self):self.sides = [float(input("Enter side "+str(i+1)+" : ")) for i in range(self.n)]def dispSides(self):for i in range(self.n):print("Side",i+1 ,"is",self.sides[i])In this example, different attributes are provided that hold the data to store the number of sides (n). Moreover, the magnitudes of each side are given as a list (sides). From this base class, we can define another class e.g. triangle that can inherit from this base class.class Triangle(Polygon):def __init__(self):Polygon.__init__(self,3)def findArea(self):a, b, c = self.sidesAs shown above, the class triangle inherits the attributes of the parent class polygon i.e. n for the number of sides etc. In addition to this, we can also define another method that eventually calculates the area of the said triangle. Therefore, despite us not defining this method in the original base class, the final program will execute the code, giving the correct value. Python is able to search for unknown attributes or methods within a given class recursively until a match is found. This is the basis of multiple inheritances, a feature seen in python and not in Java as shown below.Howe ver, regardless of the availability of multiple inheritance i.e. multiple parent classes (and lack of) minimal instances of this feature are recommended as an over use could lead to inheritance problems such as the diamond problem. Diamond problem occurs when multiple inheritances is structured poorly and when a class inherits the wrong method or attribute of a different class. Consider the example below:class Sport:def athlete(self):passclass Football(Sport):def athlete(self):print("Ronaldo")class Basketball(Sport):def athlete(self):print("Lebron")class Champions(Football, Basketball):passg = Champions()g.athlete()Because python uses a resolution order method to find an attribute for a given situation, reversing Basketball with Football (class Champions(Basketball, Football)) would see the output of the first class as Lebron instead of Ronaldo. To solve such problems python uses implicit behaviour to structure its code unlike Java that completely disallows multiple inheritance (Hug unin 1997).Java inheritanceInheritance in java is similar to python, however, each new classes (inherited classes) are created from existing classes i.e. the superclass. Therefore, unlike python a parent class must exist for an inheritance to occur. Furthermore, one can reuse all the methods used in a given parent class as well as its fields. New methods and fields can be added to the existing system however, multiple inheritance features are completely absent.General syntax: class Subclass-name extends Superclass-name{//methods and the fields} //note the superclass must be explicitly defined.Extends is a keyword that is used to indicate that a new class is being derived from an existing superclass. Lets highlight a sample code that utilizes inheritance and analyze its features. Below a simple Java program having two classes; calculator and my_calculator.class Calculator{int z;public void addition(int x, int y){z=a+b;System.out.println("The sum of the given numbers:"+z);}public voi d Substraction(int x, int y){z=a-b;System.out.println("The difference between the given numbers:"+z);}}public class My_Calculator extends Calculator{public void multiplication(int x, int y){z=a*b;System.out.println("The product of the given numbers:"+z);}public static void main(String args[]){int x=20, y=10;My_Calculator demo = new My_Calculator();demo.addition(x, y);demo.Substraction(x, y);demo.multiplication(x, y);}}This program will output the sum, difference, and product of the two numbers provided. However, a deeper analysis of the code indicates the following: One, inherited classes have only one parent class. This observation is not a coincidence to this particular program but is the rule of Java inheritance, whereby a cla...

RUIZ Surname Meaning and Origin

Ruiz is a patronymic surname meaning son of Ruy, a short form of the given name Rodrigo. Rodrigo derives  from the Germanic  name  Roderick (Hrodric), from the elements hrod, meaning renown and ric, meaning power. Ruiz is the 21st most common Hispanic surname. Surname Origin:  Spanish Alternate Surname Spellings:  RUIZE, ROIZ, ROIZE, RODRIZ, RUDERIZ Famous People With the Surname Ruiz Josà ©Ã‚  Francisco Ruiz: 19th century Texas pioneer and revolutionaryBlas Ruiz: Spanish explorerCarlos Ruiz: Panamanian professional MLB baseball playerBartolomà © Ruiz: Spanish conquistador Where Do People With the Ruiz Surname Live? Ruiz is the 201st most common surname in the world, according to surname distribution data from  Forebears, found in greatest numbers  in Mexico and with the highest density in Nicaragua. The Rivera surname is also very common in Spain (ranked 12th), Argentina (14th) and Paraguay (17th). Within Europe, Ruiz is most frequently found in Spain, according to  WorldNames PublicProfiler, especially in the Cantabria region, followed by the regions of La Rioja, Andalucia, Murcia and Castilla-La Mancha. The surname is also very common in Argentina, and found in lesser numbers in France and the United States. Genealogy Resources for the Surname RUIZ 100 Common Hispanic Surnames Their Meanings: Garcia, Martinez, Rodriguez, Lopez, Hernandez... Are you one of the millions of people sporting one of these top 100 common Hispanic last names?How to Research Hispanic Heritage: Learn how to get started researching  your Hispanic ancestors, including the basics of family tree research and country specific organizations, genealogical records, and resources for Spain, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, the Caribbean and other Spanish speaking countries.Ruiz Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Ruiz surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Ruiz query.FamilySearch - Ruiz Genealogy: Access over 3.3 million free historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Ruiz surname and its variations on this free genealogy website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Resources and Further Reading Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Management Control System - 1357 Words

Introduction Management control system (MCS), as a vital part of an organization, which purpose allows organizations to ensure that their activities achieve the objects they desire. The process of designing and improving MCSs requires addressing three basic questions. What is desired? What is likely to occur? And What is the effect of contextual factors ?Then managers must address each of these questions. What controls should be used? In recent years, contingency-based research has maintained its popularity with studies including these variables but redefining them in contemporary terms. This paper provides a critical review of findings from contingency-based studies over the past 20 years, deriving a series of propositions relating MCS†¦show more content†¦But the degree to which personnel and cultural controls are effective can vary significantly across individuals, groups, and societies. They also have limitation in addressing motivational problems. Personnel / cultural controls are sufficient only if the employees in the particular roles being considered understand what is required, are capable of performing well, and are motivated to perform well without additional rewards or punishments. The environmental uncertainty, It has been long established in the literature that the external environment exerts a strong influence on the design of MCS (Duncan, 1972; Fisher, 1996;Gordon Narayanan, 1984; Sharma, 2002). At a fundamental level the MCS is designed to address decision-makers informational needs, which are known to be influenced by the nature of the external environment. MCS are an instrument used by organizations to reduce uncertainty and insulate against changes in the environment (Abernethy Stoelwinder, 1991; Flamholtz, 1983; Thompson, 1967).. As organizations face increasingly uncertain environments they will tend to increase their use of new MCS techniques, since these techniques have been developed in recent years and are therefore more likely be able to address contemporaneous organisational needs. Activity based costing, balanced scorecard, economic value added, and benchmarking are examples of MCS techniques that haveShow MoreRelatedManagement Control System s : Management Systems Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesManagement Control Systems Introduction In the rapidly changing business environment, there is enormous pressure to conduct activities in a better, controlled and efficient manner. The accelerating change creates uncertainties and complexities thus creating challenges for management in their strategic plans. 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Kenneth Slessors poetry is distinctive because of its strong Essay Example For Students

Kenneth Slessors poetry is distinctive because of its strong Essay Its a discovery of change from a peaceful country environment to the harsh and cruel takeover by technological advances in which nature is destroyed. When boughs at last relinquish their clench of blowing air, this demonstrates Sleekers concern for the loss of the trees grip on life and their struggle to remain tall. The trees have been drained of life, and this is due to the lacking care of humans to their own environment. This use of imagery, last relinquish adds to the dark, grim, barren tone of the poem which emphasizes the destruction undertaken by humans. Sellers expresses strong views towards the destruction of nature, and portrayed in North country he stresses his views on preserving environment and how this has en neglected. He suggests that due to the introduction of technology, humans have become greedy and lost any care or concern towards the environment which may have been implemented in previous society. Not only does he stress the change of values amongst humans, but also how this has impacted on nature and that wildlife has been driven out of its natural habitat and left for dead. Through Sleepers strong images of death, destruction and struggle for life presented in North Country with his forceful philosophical views; the great extent of distinctiveness is revealed. Strong images of country life versus city life are highlighted in the poem Wild Grapes. Wild Grapes is a negative poem of regret, which compares the negligence and destruction of the environment and the traditions of country life. Distinctive images of country life are portrayed throughout the poem of what country life has resolved to. The current country life comprises of: smoking air, full of sour marsh which contributes to a dark melancholic tone, grapes Black, like boughs of musket-shot, relating to bullets which are deadly, its emphasizing the negativity of hat has become of the orchard, only grapes, but wild ones suggests the loss of importance, whilst wild is referring to the bitterness of the grapes. Kenneth Scales because of its SST Sleepers poetry is distinctive I and the serine of his subject! Metaphors and sound to high Sleepers philosophical evolve is North Country demonstrate by loggers. Its a discovery of harsh and cruel takeover by t When boughs at last relinquish The trees have been drained their own environment. This barren tone of the poem which Sellers expresses strong vine North country he stresses h been neglected, He suggests come greedy and lost any c have been implemented in pr values amongst humans, but Hess been driven out tot Its Nat Through Sleepers strong image in North Country with his of Strong Images of country life Grapes Wild Grapes Is a negative destruction of the environment Distinctive images of country life has resolved to. The curer marsh which contributes to k musket-shot, relating to bully what has become of the orchid importance, whilst wild is RCA Sellers views country life as being something that has lost important values resulting in the destruction of the certain regret towards this negligence and of the past- he long gone pioneers. Through Sleepers strong images of a negligent country suggesting his powerful philosophical views; the great revealed. Images of decay are portrayed vividly in North Count Sellers uses distinctive images of decay to portray ha This decay is due the repercussions of negligence for society. Blank and wretched suggests the way in which gaunt describes the trees as being exhausted from t dripping red with blood is very dark and bitter in us nature has lost its life and the struggle to survive Indus Sellers views country life as being taken over by techno aloes behind to add to a final destruction. There is lack destruction of environment as technology is now of MO Throug h Sleepers strong images of decay in country life The concept of time, timelessness and the difference b life is evident in Country Towns. Country Towns presents the peace and calm associate technology, and rather the positives of continuing the s Sellers uses images of continuity to portray the back life, without the influx of technology and its many fault musky sleep suggests the impact of heat which has re unconcern. With 1860 over their doors suggests the amount life, and mysterious buggy wheels infers that behind current technology times. Sellers views country life and the timelessness it bring sentimental that such a place can live without conform believes in the slow pace of life brings upon a friendly or reason to progress. .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 , .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 .postImageUrl , .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 , .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401:hover , .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401:visited , .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401:active { border:0!important; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401:active , .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401 .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u70938b084419ae758fe63f1bd5fa2401:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Some Poets Attitudes To Love EssayThrough Sleepers strong images of continuity and timelessness amongst society of the country towns portrayed in North Country with his forceful philosophical views; the great extent of distinctiveness is revealed. The use of poetic devices such as metaphor and personification are a distinctive eater of sleep. Sleep demonstrates that being in a state of sleep is the only place where one can be truly safe, and life is the negative aspect of bring born into the world, as the peace and calm associated with sleep in the womb is taken away. The personification of blindly in bones that ride and remorseless forceps allows the responder to relate to the connections of a child in its mothers womb. Furthermore the imagery of water lave you with huger waves suggests the cleansing of the child, dissolved and bedded describes the sinking affect of being Bamberger in water, and ferry you to burial mysteriously describes the floating of traveling along water; these all create a calming affect upon the responder, to relate more to being in a state of sleep. Sellers views sleep as being the only place where one can be safe and free of pain, as being in a sate of unconsciousness, the harshness of life seems to seize for the time being. In relation to a child in the womb, Sellers believes that the sleep achieved inside the womb is the paramount part of existence, as once born into the world life is a disappointment. Through Sleepers use of poetic devices personification and imagery in Sleep used to portray the gentleness and calm of sleep; his forceful philosophical views are exalted and the great extent of distinctiveness is revealed. Sound techniques (onomatopoeia) are used to involve the responder in Sleepers poetry. The poem Beach Burial uses sound to emphasis the subject. Beach Burials is a vivid emotive poem which describes the futility of war and the mourning it will result in. But also that regardless of being enemies on the war front, soldiers will unite themselves in the end to make peace. The onomatopoeia of sob and clubbing of the gunfire suggests the sounds which can be heard in the distance of the guns being fired, it allows for the emphasis on the sadness war brings to everyone and everything when the guns make a whimper. A gentle tone is used in the opening stanza softly and humbly, which is in contrast to the noise and commotion of war used to emphasis the fact that life is also filled with noise and commotion not Just in battle. Sellers views war as being a scene of unnecessary behavior, as war and conflict ultimately has no winner. He strongly believes that those who fought in wars should e remember and admired for their bravery and that great respect should be held for those responsible in burring the dead. He considers the deep regret as to being subject to witnessing the scenes of war, and the horror it brings with it. Through Sleepers use of sound techniques in Beach Burial used to portray the severity of war; his strong philosophical views are exalted and the great extent of Distinctive images and poetic devices are used extensively in Sleepers poetry. This allows the responder to see, hear and feel the important subject matters, views and opinions which the composer is trying to evoke.